Moreover, a recent study using mucosal specimens from IBD patients has found that the mRNA expression of IL-23p19, but not IL-12p40, was significantly higher in inflamed tissues than in non-inflamed tissues from both CD and UC patients, and the up-regulated mRNA expression of IL-23p19 was significantly correlated with IFNγ in CD and IL17 in UC, suggesting that IL-23p19 may contribute to the intestinal mucosal Th1/Th17 balance in inflammatory bowel disease [9]. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and inflammatory bowel disease.