Exercise training is an effective and safe intervention for the improvement of serum levels of the IGF system and its binding proteins (IGFBP-I and IGFBP3) as well as for insulin and glucose control in breast cancer survivors, suggesting a beneficial role of exercise for the tumoral microenvironment and breast cancer recurrence and disease free survival rates in women with breast malignancies. The gene discussed is IGF1; the disease is breast cancer.