These results show there was an apparent burst of TNF-α induction at 24 and 48 h post-infection not only in RAW264.7 cells but also in human monocytes, which suggests a possible role for Nrf2-CLEC5A signaling in TNF-α production in the late stage of DENV infection (Fig. 4A). This evidence concerns the gene NFE2L2 and infection.