XPO5 and melanoma: In contrast to other cancers, where most miRNAs are down-regulated compared to their expression in healthy tissue [28,29], miRNAs are commonly up-regulated in malignant melanoma compared with healthy skin [26, 27, 30] As alterations in miRNA transport could be a reason for the elevated miRNA levels in melanoma, we aimed to investigate whether the pre-miRNA transporter XPO5 contributes to the development and/or progression of malignant melanoma by influencing miRNA transport and maturation.