Moreover, cancer cells in the bone microenvironment are stimulated to produce cytokines and to secrete factors such as interleukin 6 (IL6) and parathyroid hormone-related protein (PThrP), the latter inducing osteoblasts to increase receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and decrease osteoprogesterin (OPG) production. Here, PTHLH is linked to cancer.