Similarly, the ‘high-TNF-α' 308A allele was reported as increased in Korean subjects with major depression or with post-stroke depression (Jun et al, 2003b; Kim et al, 2011), but in the Caucasian population is the ‘low-TNF-α' G allele that is associated with major depression in the elderly (Cerri et al, 2009). Here, TNF is linked to major depressive disorder.