One study, in 261 patients with gastric noncardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) and 98 with esophagogastric junctional adenocarcinoma (EGJA) vs 441 controls found significant inverse correlations of serum ghrelin level with incidence of both cancers (GNCA adjusted odds ratio (OR) 1.75, 95% CI: 1.49–2.04; EGJA adjusted OR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.29–1.89; P<0.001 for both) (Murphy et al. 2011). Here, GHRL is linked to gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma.