Biological biomarkers have a key role in biomedical research as well as in clinical practice.22,23 They are now particularly used as surrogate end points in clinical trials,24,25 pharmacological treatment26,27 of major pathological conditions including cancer28–32 and heart disease.33–35 Among these, CRP is an acute-phase protein produced by hepatocytes that is upregulated by pro-inflammatory cytokines (for example, interleukin (IL)-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a) in the context of mainly Th-1 response. Here, TNF is linked to heart disorder.