By doing so, it could recruit various adaptor proteins, which in turn lead to the activation of multiple signal transduction cascades including RAF–MEK–ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways.5 All these signaling events activated on HER-2 overexpression provide a pro-survival environment in breast cancer cells leading to chemotherapeutic resistance. This evidence concerns the gene AKT1 and breast carcinoma.