TF and neoplasm: Recent studies showed that PAR2 plays an important role in promoting HCC cell invasion, through the pathway of p42/p44 MAPKs.5 The upstream stimulators of TF and FVII, which form a binary complex, have also been shown to be involved with tumor biology in various cancers such as breast, colorectal cancer, as well as glioma.14,15,21 However, the role of TF and FVII in tumor progression of HCC has until now remained elusive.