TRAF4 and cancer: Out of a total of 28 genes, 12 were found to be differentially expressed as analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR at one or more points in time: as for their biological function these can be classified into three groups: (I) transcription factors affecting cell cycle regulation (E2F1, E2F2, E2F5, E2F6), (II) enzymes and proteins involved in apoptosis (ASAH1, ITPK1, BCL2L11, TRAF4) and (III) chemo- and cytokines (CCL5, CXCL10, IL-1B, TNF-alpha), known to be involved in cancer development, cell death, cell growth, cellular development and cell cycle.