As shown in the demographic data (Table 1), EST patients show a 5-year longer median disease duration than NEW patients; they are on bDMARD therapy for a median duration of 3.2 years; no age-related differences are found; rheumatoid factor and/or ACPA are found positive in 68 % of the EST patients and in 55 % of the NEW patients; and co-morbidities are recorded in 64 % of the EST patients and in 73 % of the NEW patients, respectively. The gene discussed is PRTN3; the disease is mediastinal yolk sac tumor.