TNF and infection: In contrast, immunocompetent BALB/c wild-type mice produced significantly increased levels of IFNγ (191±70 pg/ml) in addition to MCP-1 (197±81 pg/ml) exclusively at day 3 post infection while IL-12p70, IL-6 and TNFα were not detectable at all in these mice (Fig 7A) and GM-CSF was not significantly elevated during the course of infection (S3 Fig).