The observation that the frequency of mutations detected in hTERT promoter is higher than those in the B-Raf Proto-Oncogene Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase (BRAF) gene, and that the presence of highly recurrent point mutations in just two nucleotide positions strongly suggests that these are driver mutations which play key roles at various stages of tumorigenesis in melanoma [251,252].These important findings have provided new insights into a possible mechanism for hTERT activation in human cancers. The gene discussed is BRAF; the disease is melanoma.