Despite the genetically mediated neuroprotective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in dementia due to Alzheimer disease 5, we have now shown that therapy of arterial hypertension with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors may also protect the glomerular filtration of creatinine for carriers of specific genotypes, thus justifying the preferential use of these drugs as anti-hypertensive therapy for such patients. This evidence concerns the gene ACE and Hypertension.