To explore the potential role of cilia-related genes in NTD, we performed target gene next-generation sequencing (NGS) on candidate genes BBS4, CEP290, DNAAF1, IFT172, INTU, MKS1, and IQCB1. The protein encoded by the DNAAF1 gene is required for the stability of the ciliary architecture and plays a role in cytoplasmic preassembly of distinct dynein-arm complexes, including outer dynein arms (ODAs) and inner dynein arms (IDAs) (Lee 2011), which are essential for motile cilia motility (Loges et al. 2009). The gene discussed is DNAAF1; the disease is neural tube defect.