Moreover, immunohistochemical studies suggest that the expression of TGF-β1 is increased in the epithelial component of endometrial carcinomas compared with non-neoplastic tissues [10, 12], and the plasma level of TGF-β1 is greater in Stage-Ib and Stage-Ic patients than in Stage-Ia patients [14]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and endometrial carcinoma.