However, CCND2 is frequently methylated, with loss of cyclin D2 expression in pancreatic, breast and prostate cancer [43–45], pointing to a potential role as a tumor suppressor rather than an oncogene, indicating that overexpression of cyclin D2 might be limiting cell proliferation, as described here in GM-CSF macrophages. This evidence concerns the gene CCND2 and prostate carcinoma.