Additional studies used human neuroblastoma (SK-N-MC) cells that stably expressed human dopamine transporter (DAT) and were transfected with human α-Syn and exposed for 24–72 h to 30–300 μM MnCl2. Mn treatment showed a synergistic exacerbation of cellular toxicity with α-Syn overexpression that was both concentration and time dependent suggesting that they work in concert with one another to produce neurodegeneration. Here, SLC6A3 is linked to neuroblastoma.