GLI1 and cancer: It is unclear, though, whether increased GLI1 expression in response to hypoxia involves direct regulation of GLI1 expression by HIF‐1α downstream of SMO, as was reported in other cancers 93, or activation of other signaling factors, such as NF‐kB, known to regulate both HIF‐1α112 and GLI1 expression in TNBC cells.