C/EBPβ is a key transcription factor for acute-phase molecules in response to acute lung injury or infection, and the cardinal role of C/EBPβ is to up-regulate a set of C/EBPβ-regulated genes, including the CCL1 gene, leading to the subsequent activation of the innate immune system and inflammatory response (Didon et al. 2005; Poli 1998). The gene discussed is CCL1; the disease is infection.