GSK3B and type 2 diabetes mellitus: To determine if GSK3β activity is elevated in our HAEC model of poorly-controlled type 2 diabetes, we first exposed HAECs to excess nutrient conditions (cells were passaged at least twice in media containing 25 mM glucose and then exposed to 0.4 mM palmitate for 6 h) and measured protein levels of phosphorylated GSK3β.