Several anti-PD-1 (pidilizumab/CT-011, REGN2810) and anti-PD-L1 antibodies (durvalumab/MEDI4736, atezolizumab/MPDL3280A, avelumab/MSB0010718C, BMS-936559) are in various stages of clinical development for NSCLC and other cancers. The gene discussed is PDCD1; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.