MYD88 and colitis: In IL-10−/− mice, a subset of colonic mononuclear phagocytes that express MyD88 and signal through TLR ligands are the initiators of colitis (343), and studies demonstrated that partial replacement of dietary LCPUFAs with MCTs (lauric acid: 28 g/100 g total fat) decreased the severity of colitis, CD3+ intraepithelial lymphocytes (by increasing apoptosis), and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and INFy, in IL-10−/− mice (344).