According to Ye et al., the signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) was a therapeutic target in some squamous cell lung carcinoma (SCC) tumors, and protein inhibitor of activated STAT3 (PIAS3) was an endogenous inhibitor of STAT3, which was inhibited in SCC tumors cell lines. This evidence concerns the gene STAT3 and squamous cell lung carcinoma.