In addition, obesity and overweight increased inflammation and oxidative stress, altered the levels of JAK, STAT3, Akt, mTOR, NF-κB and cyclin D1, and enhanced lung epithelial proliferation and the EMT, thereby demonstrating plausible links between positive energy balance states and lung cancer promotion. The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency.