Based on the results of eight classic phase 3 randomized trials (IPASS, FIRST-SIGNAL, OPTIMAL, EURTAC, WJTOG3405, NEJ002, LUX-Lung 3, LUX-Lung 6)3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 in which both the first-generation (gifitinib, erlotinib) and second-generation (afatinib) of EGFR TKIs have demonstrated increased PFS and response rates than chemotherapy for patients harboring sensitive EGFR mutations, the role of EGFR TKIs have been established as first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC with sensitizing EGFR mutations. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is non-small cell lung carcinoma.