Administration of A2 (a selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor of higher purity than A1) in KK mice, a mouse model of metabolic syndrome that exhibit enhanced IRS-1 Ser307 and diminished PKB Thr308 protein phosphorylation in skeletal muscle, markedly reduced IRS-1 Ser307 and increased PKB Thr308 protein phosphorylation [51]. The gene discussed is IRS1; the disease is metabolic syndrome.