At the same time, another potential advantage is that quercetin exhibits all the characteristics of an adequate antioxidant for diabetes treatment: free radical scavenger ability [78,79], long half-life (~20 h in humans) [80,81], capacity to suppress pro-oxidant enzymes (NADPH oxidase, xanthine oxidase and CYP) [82,83,84] and the ability to stimulate antioxidant enzymes (SOD, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) [68,85,86] with high mitochondrial permeability [46,87], which are an important source of ROS in diabetes [88,89]. The gene discussed is XDH; the disease is diabetes mellitus.