AKT1 and acute myeloid leukemia: In hematopoietic malignancies, including AML, activating oncogenic RAS mutations contribute to malignant phenotypes by phosphorylating and activating downstream effectors such as the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK, also known as MEK), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and the PI3K-AKT downstream effectors, thereby promoting aberrant cell proliferation and survival [29].