To determine the effect of C5a gene transfer on the ability of the high-fat diet to induce atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− mice, we infused a subset of mice fed a high fat diet for 8 weeks with PBS, Ad-GFP, Ad-C5a, or Ad-C5a plus AcF [OPdChaWR]. This evidence concerns the gene A1CF and atherosclerosis.