PPARG and HIV infectious disease: In fact, expression of PPARG and its downstream targets, FABP4 and LPL, increased (Figure 1a), suggesting an increase from diminished baseline levels in untreated HIV infection.4,34 Moreover, the observed increases in adipocyte size and decreases in the expression of the triglyceride lipase LIPE are indicative of increased adipocyte lipid uptake and storage, events that are consistent with increased PPARG activity.