TGFB1 and prostate carcinoma: Generating a panel of PC3 prostate cancer cells expressing αvβ6 or αvβ6/β3cyto or αvβ3/β6cyto chimeras, these authors reported that αvβ6 co-precipitated with TGFBRII, a relationship that required the cytoplasmic tail of β6 and that physical association was required for the TGFβ1-dependent upregulation of SMAD3, which in turn upregulated MMP2.