In addition, the expression of three classical IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) including IFN-induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1 (Ifit1), IFN-inducible transmembrane protein 3 (Ifitm3) and 2′5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (Oas1) were examined to check for any basal induction of type I IFN in lupus pDCs [29]. Here, IFITM3 is linked to systemic lupus erythematosus.