MMP9 and Familial prostate cancer: For example, although elevated expression of MMP9 and MMP2 is a marker of poor prognosis in prostate cancer, and linked to metastasis, their expression is from tumor-associated stroma cells and not from the cancerous epithelial cells, where the gene repositioning was detected (Egeblad and Werb, 2002; Leshner et al., 2016).