PPIB and malaria: Using a cut-off of P < 0.05 (adjusted for multiple comparisons using the Benjamini-Hochberg method), acute febrile malaria significantly affected 196 pathways in the ΔNF class and 198 pathways in the ΔEF class (Supplementary Data S8 and S9), with the most significantly activated pathway being interferon signalling in the ΔNF class (Fig. 3a) and B-cell receptor signalling in the ΔEF class (Fig. 3b).