Panx3 expression in pre-treatment tail skin was positively correlated with papilloma burden (p = 0.032, rho = 0.28; Additional file 2: Figure S5A), as well as with carcinoma risk in males (p = 0.012; Additional file 2: Figure S5B), indicating that elevated Panx3 levels are associated with both early and late stages of tumor development. The gene discussed is PANX3; the disease is carcinoma.