When we determined the parasite load in the liver of both AdPfCSP-immunized and naïve HIS-CD8 mice at 42 h after FLPfCSP/Pb sporozoite challenge, we found that the parasite load was reduced by 91% in AdPfCSP-immunized mice compared with the naïve control group, indicating that immunization with AdPfCSP conferred protection against malaria (Fig.2C). This evidence concerns the gene CD8A and malaria.