It is highly conceivable that similar changes in AS of TAF4 with consequences to reprogramming of cancer cells can spontaneously occur in vivo. In sum, our study is the first to pinpoint to the role of hTAF4-TAFH activity of TAF4 as one of the mechanisms in driving heterogeneity in melanoma, where cells with low hTAF4-TAFH activity differentiate along different lineages and cells with high activity of hTAF4-TAFH retain multipotency. This evidence concerns the gene TAF4 and cancer.