ICAM1 and diabetes mellitus: In this cohort soluble ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 did not differ between patients with and without diabetes mellitus; however, plasma-soluble E-selectin and soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 were higher in patients with diabetes mellitus; notably, unlike our investigation, diabetes mellitus patients presented with more severe disease when compared with patients who did not have diabetes mellitus, possibly confounding the interpretation of plasma biomarker measurements [11].