The PHS and MHS scores were significantly higher in participants who: had higher education (p < 0.001), were employed (p < 0.001), were sexually active (p < 0.001), not currently using illicit drugs (p = 0.001), did not have symptoms of HIV (p < 0.001), had CD4 level > 350cells/mm3 (p < 0.005), did not have HIV complications (p < 0.01), did not have co-morbidities (p < 0.001), and had low risk of malnutrition (p < 0.005). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is malnutrition.