TF and familial pancreatic carcinoma: Clerc's research found that it was one of the essential factors for the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell lines.[27] Furthermore, it was reported that TF was increased in the pancreatic juice of the patients with pancreatic cancer, as compared with apparently healthy adults.[28] Based on findings of our study, we guess that TF is secreted to pancreatic juice rather than blood in patients with PDAC.