We found that these non-inflammatory colon tumours recapitulated the expression pattern of the AOM/DSS model, in that expression of the downstream Hh targets, Gli1, Gli2, as well as Gli3, was reduced significantly and was dissociated from expression of the ligands, Ihh (unchanged) and Shh (increased), as well as the receptor Ptch1 (increased) (Supplementary Fig. 2a–c). This evidence concerns the gene GLI3 and infectious otitis media.