HDAC9 and colon carcinoma: Among these SCFA, butyrate has received much attention in colon cancer prevention with multiple roles, including intestinal barrier function, minerals absorption, cell growth and differentiation [35], as well as its immuno-modulatory activity through its histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitory activity on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and its expression in colon carcinoma cells [36].