To analyze whether overexpression of the specific isoforms resulted in similar effects we upregulated specifically CK1α expression by adenoviral gene transfer as previously reported [9] and CK1δ and CK1ε by a doxycycline-inducible lentiviral system in the two human melanoma cell lines SbCl2 and SKMEL19 (Fig. 2b). This evidence concerns the gene CSNK1A1 and melanoma.