Mutations acquired in all but one patient that progressed to AML affected genes involved in cell signaling pathways that affect cell division, growth, differentiation and survival; such as BRAF, FLT3, KRAS, PTPN11 and NRAS. Of note, the remaining patient that progressed to AML did not acquire any additional mutation, but presented with the intermediate cytogenetic abnormality t(8;16)(p11;13), detected by CC at time of AML progression. This evidence concerns the gene NRAS and acute myeloid leukemia.