The cytokine markers that showed statistically significant different expression levels in bacterial versus non-bacterial infections were: IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-5, IL-12, IL-13, IL-9, IFN gamma-inducible protein 10 (IP-10; also known as CXC motif chemokine 10, CXC10), platelet factor 4 (PF-4), eotaxin, TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Here, IL6 is linked to bacterial infectious disease.