A study using sodium butyrate demonstrated a reduction in proinflammatory cytokine and chemokine levels in a steatosis rat model, via toll-like receptor and nuclear factor kappa-B inhibition, as well PPAR-α recovery with the probable involvement of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma and coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) [7]. The gene discussed is PPARGC1A; the disease is steatosis.