It is interesting to observe that, at early infection, we have seen variable expression of IL-17 coinciding with lower levels of ANXA1, and these results are corroborated by minimal CD4+ Th17 dysregulation in the blood until later stage of HIV infection, while gastrointestinal Th17 depletion was apparent much earlier, along with increased plasma markers of microbial translocation58. Here, ANXA1 is linked to HIV infectious disease.