PPARα activation is commonly implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis protocols for rodents in which its anti-apoptotic action is assumed to play a crucial role (Misra et al., 2013; Misra and Reddy, 2014); however, activation of PPARα by exogenous agonists reduces tumor cell growth in cell lines derived from colorectal cancer (Grau et al., 2006). The gene discussed is PPARA; the disease is colorectal cancer.